Heavy oil has high viscosity and a high water-oil mobility ratio, which can easily induce fingering and channeling, limiting the affected volume and recovery rate. In this paper, binary (surfactant nanoparticles) and ternary (surfactant nanoparticles polymer) synergistically stabilized lotion systems were compared. Using heterogeneous dual core parallel experiments, the plugging and flow control effects under different oil-water ratio conditions were systematically investigated. Combined with the CT scanning results, it is found that the profile control effect of the ternary system lotion is the best when the oil water ratio is 1:9. When the high permeability core is injected with 0.13PV, the diversion rate is stable at about 55%, which can make the diversion rate of high and low permeability core quickly reach and maintain balance, and achieve effective and lasting flow control. With the injection of emulsion, the displacement pressure difference of all systems gradually increased and reached its peak at 0.5PV injection. The peak pressure difference significantly increased with the increase of oil-water ratio. The peak pressure differences corresponding to oil-water ratios of 1:9, 3:7, and 5:5 were 1.6MPa, 4.2MPa, and 8.2MPa, respectively. Injecting an emulsion with an oil-water ratio of 5:5 did not cause emulsification, and oil droplets remained in the pores. When the oil-water ratio is 1:9 and 3:7, the volume fraction of oil phase in the produced liquid is higher, which reflects the plugging effect of adding polymers, significantly increases the displacement pressure, and has strong fluidity, promoting the oil to be driven out in the form of O/W emulsion. In addition, the addition of polymer makes the droplet size smaller, reducing the number of large droplets that play a major role in blocking. Therefore, when the oil-water ratio is 1:9, the plugging performance of the ternary system lotion is slightly lower than that of the binary system. The matching between lotion particle size and pore throat size is the key factor affecting the plugging efficiency. The ternary system has concentrated particle size and strong matching with the pore throat of the main channel, which makes it easier to form a stable plugging structure in the pore throat. This study provides theoretical basis and technical support for the improvement of cold recovery efficiency and later development optimization of heavy oil reservoirs.