油藏非均质性对CO2连续注入-吞吐驱油特征影响
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中国石化江苏油田分公司科技攻关项目“CO2驱有效提高采收率关键技术研究”(项目编号JS24019)


Effect of Reservoir Heterogeneity on Continuous CO2 Injection and Huff-n-puff Oil Displacement Characteristics
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    摘要:

    CO2驱具有良好的注入性和较高的驱油效率,成为低渗透/致密油藏提高采收率的极具潜力方法,但是受油藏非均质性及裂缝的影响,驱油过程中易发生气窜,影响开发效果。文章设计了不同渗透率级差岩心模型中的CO2连续注入和吞吐注入实验,以采收率和剩余油分布为指标,考察了油藏非均质性对注CO2提高采收率的影响。研究结果表明,CO2连续注入中,当低渗透层渗透率为5.0×10-3 μm2 ,渗透率级差从1.0增至2.2,CO2驱采收率从88.5%显著降低至58.3%;渗透率级差进一步从2.2增至154.0,采收率降低趋势减缓,从58.3%降至44.8%。CT扫描得到的剩余油分布结果表明,注入的CO2主要在高渗透层内流动-驱替原油,低渗透层原油基本未动用,这是导致采收率随非均质性增强显著减小的原因。即使岩心的非均质性较弱(渗透率级差2.2),也会导致CO2驱采收率显著降低。渗透级差小于2.2范围内,非均质性增大导致采收率的减小会更为显著;超过该值,采收率随渗透率级差的增大而继续减小,但是这一趋势有所减缓。CO2连续注入后转吞吐注入,渗透率级差为1.0、2.2、15.5和154.0的非均质岩心模型原油采收率分别从58.3%、57.2%和44.8%增至80.4%、75.8%和74.4%。非均质岩心模型的增油显著,低渗透层含油饱和度明显降低,低渗透层原油得到了有效动用,CO2吞吐受油藏非均质性的影响较小,是CO2连续注入后的潜力接替方式。

    Abstract:

    Due to good injectivity and high oil-flooding capacity,CO2 flooding has become a very potential method to enhance oil recovery in low permeability/tight oil reservoir,but due to the reservoir heterogeneity and fractures,gas channeling easily happens during the injection,which affect the development of reservoirs. The CO2 continuous injection and huff-n-puff experiments were designed and conducted in cores with different permeability contrast,and oil recovery and oil distribution(scanned by CT)was measured as the index to investigate the effect of heterogeneity on CO2 flooding. The results showed that,during the continuous injection of CO2,When the permeability of the low-permeability layer was 5.0×10-3 μm2 ,as the permeability contrast increased from 1.0 to 2.2,the oil recovery was significantly reduced from 88.5% to 58.3%;when the permeability contrast further increased from 2.2 to 154.0,the decreasing trend of oil recovery slowed down from 58.3% to 44.8%. The injected CO2 mainly flowed and displaced the crude oil in the high permeability layer,while the crude oil in the low permeability layer was basically unused,which was the reason why the recovery rate decreases significantly with the increase of heterogeneity. Even if the core heterogeneity was weak,the permeability contrast being of 2.2,which would lead to a significant reduction in oil recover of CO2 flooding. When the permeability contrast was less than 2.2,the increase of heterogeneity leaded to a more significant decrease in oil recovery. When the permeability contrast was higher than 2.2,the recovery rate continued to decrease with the increase of permeability contrast,but the trend would slow down. After continuous injection of CO2,the Huff-n-puff was conducted. The oil recovery of heterogeneous core models with permeability contrast of 1.0,2.2,15.5 and 154.0 increased from 58.3%,57.2%,44.8% to 80.4%,75.8%,74.4%, respectively. The oil saturation of low permeability layer decreased significantly,and the crude oil of low permeability layer was effectively utilized. CO2 huff-n-puff is less affected by reservoir heterogeneity,which is a potential replacement method after continuous injection of CO2.

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张建宁,李立峰.油藏非均质性对CO2连续注入-吞吐驱油特征影响[J].油田化学,2025,42(4):664-669.
ZHANG Jianning, LI Lifeng. Effect of Reservoir Heterogeneity on Continuous CO2 Injection and Huff-n-puff Oil Displacement Characteristics[J]. OILFIELD CHEMISTRY,2025,42(4):664-669.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-01-28
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