With the proposal of the "double carbon" goal and the development of carbon capture，utilization and storage（CCUS）， CO₂-reactive surfactants have been paid more and more attention. In this paper，the recent advances of CO₂-reactive surfactants were reviewed from the aspects of structural characteristics，physicochemical properties，as well as their applications in oilfield development. CO₂-reactive surfactants usually contain nitrogen-containing groups，carboxylic acid，phenol and other groups that can react with H⁺ generated by CO₂ dissolving in water. The types and properties of surfactants will change after the reaction，and the surface activity will change to a certain extent. After the reaction，the viscosity of the system，emulsification effect on crude oil and foaming characteristics will be greatly changed. Meanwhile，the transformation of these properties can be regulated by the introduction and elimination of CO₂ . It is proved that the CO₂/ surfactant solution injection can control CO₂ gas channeling to a certain extent and improve oil displacement efficiency in the development of the oil field. If the regulative properties of CO₂-reactive surfactants can be successfully used in the oil field development，and the synergistic effect of CO₂ and surfactants can be fully utilized，the oil production recovery will be greatly increased.