As oil and gas exploration and development continue to advance，the geological conditions encountered in drilling engineering are increasingly complex. Loss circulation issues have become one of the key factors restricting drilling efficiency and safety. Loss circulation materials（LCMs）have long been recognized and developed as an essential means to address these issues. In this paper，the recent progress in the application and research of LCMs in drilling engineering was reviewed，with a focus on analyzing the plugging mechanisms，performance characteristics and applicable conditions of various types of LCMs，including bridging lost circulation material，fast fluid loss plugging material，polymer gel plugging material，curable plugging material， smart plugging material. Finally，the prospect of LCMs in drilling engineering was put forward.