To enhance the application effect of natural gas foam in oil recovery，the stability of natural gas foam generated by the combination of hydrophobic modified nanoparticle（HMNP）and different types of surfactants and the influence of temperature and inorganic salts（NaCl，CaCl₂ ）on the stability of natural gas foam were studied by injection method. The results showed that，under the condition of pure water at room temperature of 25 ℃，the natural gas foam generated by the composite system of HMNP and anionic surfactants （sodium dodecyl sulfonate （SDS），sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate （SDBS），sodium dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate（AES））could maintain good stability within 3000 min，and had a significant synergistic effect on stabilizing the stability of natural gas foam. Moreover，at high temperature of 50 ℃ or in the presence of mineral ions，ionic strength being of 0.2 mol/L，the polyoxyethylene（EO）group in the anionic surfactant could further enhance the stability， temperature resistance and salt resistance of HMNP/AES composite natural gas foams；the benzene ring in the anionic surfactant significantly promoted the synergistic effect of HMNP and anionic surfactant，and could significantly improve the stability， temperature resistance and monovalent ion resistance of HMNP/SDBS composite natural gas foam.