In order to construct the thickener acid system that can be applied in deep penetration acid fracturing process for a long time，anionic thickener PAP-1 and hydrophobically associating thickener PAP-2 was prepared using acrylamide（AM），acrylic acid （AA），2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid（AMPS）as main raw materials and AT100 as hydrophobic monomer. The effect of reaction conditions on the properties of thickeners was investigated，and the performances of thickeners obtained under optimal conditions was researched by measurement of the viscometer and rheometer. The optimal reaction conditions of thickener PAP-1 were obtained as follows，the molar ratio of AM，AA and AMPS was 90∶9∶1，the initiator dosage was 0.03% of monomer mass，monomer mass concentration was 25%，the temperature of the reaction system was 55 ℃. Except for the hydrophobic monomer AT100 dosage of 0.2 mol%，the reaction conditions of thickener PAP-2 were the same as that of the thickener PAP-1. The results indicated that the acid dissolving time of thickeners PAP-1 and PAP-2 with mass fraction of 0.8% in hydrochloric acid with mass fraction of 20% at room temperature was 20 min and 50 min，respectively，and the viscosity was 39 mPa·s and 54 mPa·s， respectively. Meanwhile，they had good compatibility with another additive. The viscosity of PAP-1 and PAP-2 acid fluid was 10 mPa·s and 31 mPa·s at the temperature of 160 ℃ and at the shear rate of 170 s^-1