The properties salt tolerance and temperature resistance of the newly-synthesized hydroxyl sulfobetaine surfactant (HSS) were investigated by measuring interfacial tension between HSS solutions and the crude oil from the high-temperature and high-salinity reservoirs of Tuha and Saudi oilfield. The experiment indicated that the HSS solution had the advantage of interfacial property at a certain range of low concentration of 0.3—0.5 g/L without help of alkali and other additives，the interfacial tension was reduced to ultralow value (≤10-3 mN/m). The SHH could make the dynamic interfacial tension decrease to be ultralow at a wide temperature range of 40—100℃. The highest salinity resistance of Tuha/Saudi crude oil and water system was up to 270 g/L and 200 g/L, respectively, thereinto, the highest Ca2+ and Mg2+ resistance was up to 19 g/L and 23 g/L. In addition, the SHH possessed good heat resistance within 90 d.