For efficient cold production of unconventional heavy oil, a new surfactant containing sulfonic hydrophobically associating polymer SAP was synthesized, the viscosity properties and the temperature resistance and salt tolerance were investigated and the simulated displacement experiments were carried out. The results showed that the critical aggregation concentration (CAC) of SAP was 2200 mg/L. The viscosity of SAP soultion increased with the increase of salinity above CAC. The viscosity retention rate of SAP solution was only 5% after aged at 80℃ for 90 days. The displacement experiments showed that the oil recovery curve of SAP flooding belonged to S type; the higher the residual oil saturation, or the higher the SAP concentration or the larger the polymer slug size, the bigger the oil recovery of SAP flooding. The heavy oil emulsion was produce discontinuously by SAP flooding and the cationic surfactant DTAB was efficient in demulsifying the produce crude oil emulsion.