The process of oil extraction，transportation，and paper making generates a large amount of oily wastewater，which brings a great threat to the living environment of human beings. Traditional oil-water separation methods are usually inefficient， costly and cumbersome. Therefore，it is crucial to develop new，green，economical and efficient materials for oil-water separation. Superhydrophobic materials have attracted much attention in the field of oil-water separation due to their extreme hydrophobicity. By combing the superhydrophobic materials used for oil-water separation in recent years，firstly，the wettability and construction methods of superhydrophobic materials were briefly introduced， and then the research progress of two-dimensional and three-dimensional superhydrophobic materials for oil-water separation was reviewed. Among them， two-dimensional superhydrophobic oil-water separation materials included fiber membranes， metal mesh， ceramics and glass， while three-dimensional superhydrophobic oil-water separation materials included rock wool，wood，aerogel，foam and sponge. Finally， some limitations of the current superhydrophobic oil-water separation materials were pointed out. Then the outlook of superhydrophobic oil-water separation materials in terms of sustainability and environmental friendliness was given，such as improving the mechanical strength of superhydrophobic surfaces， investigating the separation effect and applicability of multicomponent mixtures， combining multiple separation technologies， developing good recycling performance and multifunctionality，etc.，which provided some references and inspirations for the research of superhydrophobic materials in the field of oil-water separation.