In order to improve the temperature，salt and shear resistance of polymer oil displacement agents，an amphiphilic oil displacement polymer （HAP） was synthesized by free radical aqueous solution polymerization and low temperature induced methods，using acrylamide（AM），acrylic acid（AA），2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid（AMPS），and independently developed long-chain alkyl polyether amphiphilic functional monomer（POM）as raw materials. The optimum reaction condition was determined by examining the intrinsic viscosity and viscosity enhancement of HAP. The solubility，viscosity enhancement， shear resistance，salt resistance，long-term stability，and oil displacement performance of HAP were studied，and then compared with those of commercially available temperature and salt resistant polyacrylamide. The results showed that the optimum synthesis condition for HAP was obtained as follows：20% total monomer mass fraction，0.4%—0.8% POM dosage of total monomer mass， 8% AMPS，0.1%—0.4% initiator，and 0 ℃ initiation temperature. 0.175% HAP solution was prepared by simulating Bohai Sea seawater. The dissolution time of HAP was 30 minutes at 75 ℃，and then the apparent viscosity was 55.8 mPa s. At 75 ℃，0.175%HAP exhibited good shear resistance，salt resistance，stability and oil displacement effect. The viscosity retention rate of HAP solution was 27.8% when the shear rate increased from 7.34 s^-1 to 100 s^-1. When the salinity of simulated seawater increased to 30 g/L，the viscosity of HAP solution was 75 mPa s. After aging at 75 ℃ for 90 days，the viscosity of HAP solution became 36 mPa s. The core displacement experiment results showed that the final recovery rate of 0.175% HAP solution was 8.8 percentage points higher than that of commercially available polyacrylamide with temperature and salt resistance. The synthesized quaternary copolymer HAP exhibited excellent solubility，viscosity enhancement，shear resistance，salt resistance，long-term temperature stability，and high crude oil recovery rate，with better performance than commercially available temperature and salt resistant polyacrylamide.