The interfacial dilational rheological properties of the four components of Daqing crude oil at the kerosene-water system were investigated by means of oscillating drop method. The effects of the oscillating frequency and the bulk mass fraction were detected. The experimental results showed that all of the four crude oil components had interfacial active and the order of reducing interfacial tension was as follows，resins＞asphaltenes＞aromatics＞saturates. The dilational modulus of all crude oil fractions increased with increasing frequency while phase angle decreased. With the increase of mass fraction，the dilational modulus of asphaltenes increased linearly，and the maximum dilational modulus could reach about 50 mN/m，which was not only higher than that of the others but also higher than the crude oil fractions in other regions. The phase angle of all crude oil fractions increased with increasing mass fraction and the values were lower，appearing strongly elastic nature.