A new fluorescent-free biomass lubricant ZYRH was developed to overcome the disadvantages of high fluorescence level and poor thermal stability of commonly used lubricants. The fluorescence grade，emulsifying stability，lubricity，temperature resistance and salt resistance of ZYRH were studied. The effects of ZYRH on the rheology and wall building properties of drilling fluid were investigated. The results showed that the ZYRH level was less than 3，the stability of emulsification was good，the tolerance to temperature was up to 200℃，and the salt resistance was saturated. After adding 1% ZYRH lubricant to the base pulp， the decrease rate of the extreme pressure lubrication coefficient was 91.5%—93%，the biological toxicity EC50>1×10⁶ mg/L. ZYRH was compatible with polymer drilling fluid，polysulfonate drilling fluid and microbubble drilling fluid. ZYRH was applied in 25 wells，such as Wei 455 well and Wen 23 gas storage，and achieved good results，and the product had no pollution to the environment.