Paraffin deposits in pipelines will reduce the flow area of pipelines，increase frictional resistance，reduce pipeline transportation capacity，and even cause significant economic losses and safety problems. Asphaltene has an important influence on the form of the wax. The structure of asphaltene is complex and diverse，leading to great differences in its polarity and surface activity. Interaction between asphaltenes and paraffin molecules has dual effects on paraffin precipitation. The structure of asphaltene，the promotion effects and inhibitory effects of asphaltenes on the paraffin precipitation was reviewed.