The deposition of asphaltene in near wellbore zone would have seriously negative impact on oil exploration. Therefore， the development of asphaltene deposition control technology had very important significance on the security of oil’s efficient exploitation. The research and application of oil asphaltene deposition control technology of oil well was introduced，such as asphaltene inhibition technology and asphaltene blockage removal technology. The asphaltene inhibition technology included the adjustment of production plans and chemical inhibition method. While the asphaltene blockage removal technology included physical blockage removal method，chemical blockage removal method，biological blockage removal method and the combined blockage removal method. Some suggestions about the development of asphaltene inhibition and blockage removal technology were given.