silicon-based plugging agent has a broad prospect in high temperature and high salinity reservoirs. inorganic silicon-based plugging agent，organic silicon-based plugging agent and organic-inorganic silicon compound plugging agent were summarized. The characteristics，mechanism and research progress were briefed. Besides，some development tendency were proposed，such as developing organic-inorganic silicon combined system，using silicon nanomaterials selectively，strengthening the study on micromechanism of silicon-based plugging agent.