Simulated polymer/surfactant produced water was prepared according to the practical component of produced water from the polymer/surfactant flooding process in Xinjiang oilfield. Effects of each component including solid particle，polymer（HPAM） and surfactant on emulsion stability of the binary produced water were investigated. Results showed that the surfactant had a significant impact on the emulsion stability，and there were some minor influences for solid particle and polymer. Montmorillonite particle had a clear influence on the emulsion stability over kaolin and vermiculite particles. At montmorillonite dosage of 200 mg/L，the maximum oil content and turbidity of produced water were obtained at 807 mg/L and 1984 NTU，respectively. When the montmorillonite concentration was over 200 mg/L，the oil content and turbidity of produced water were decreased，but the droplet Zeta potential in produced water was high. HPAM（M=10×10⁶）could directly affect the bulk viscosity and also destroy the emulsion stability due to its strong flocculation capacity，especially at its high concentration by enhancing the flocculation with oil droplets in simulated produced water. Surfactant could significantly increase the emulsion stability due to its strong interfacial property for changing the Zeta potential of oil droplets and the process of oil droplets collision and coalescence. The surfactants were arranged according to their influence on the emulsion stability of simulated polymer/surfactant produced water in following order: sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate（DBS）>Tween-80>Span-80>benzalkonium chloride.