To address the bottlenecks of difficult oil-water separation and high environmental burden associated with traditional surfactant flooding for heavy oil recovery, this study designed and constructed a novel CO2-responsive surfactant system. The surface activity, oil-water interfacial behavior, emulsification performance, and oil displacement efficiency of the system were systematically investigated before and after CO2 saturation. The results demonstrate that the surfactant system exhibits a sensitive CO2-responsive characteristic. CO? saturation induces solution acidification, triggering a significant shift in the critical micelle concentration (CMC), which confirms the effective regulation of surfactant molecular self-assembly by CO2. Under simulated reservoir conditions, a significant synergistic effect between CO2 and the surfactant was observed, rapidly reducing the oil-water interfacial tension to an ultra-low level (<10?2 mN/m). Furthermore, the system displays a unique intelligent response behavior characterized by rapid emulsification followed by spontaneous demulsification. Upon CO2 saturation, the initial emulsification rate increased from 85% to 95%, effectively reducing heavy oil viscosity. After 72 hours of static settling, the emulsion underwent complete spontaneous demulsification, achieving an oil-water separation rate of nearly 100%, which significantly simplifies surface produced fluid treatment processes. Core flooding experiments revealed that the CO2-saturated surfactant system improved heavy oil recovery by 12.6% over water flooding, outperforming conventional surfactant systems. This study not only elucidates the microscopic mechanism of CO2-mediated regulation of surfactant interfacial behavior but also provides a crucial theoretical basis and technical support for a new heavy oil development model featuring high-efficiency in-situ emulsification flooding underground and green natural separation on the surface.