Foam fracturing is a common technical means in the fracturing and stimulation of coalbed methane reservoir, and the selection of foaming agent is particularly important. In order to develop a foaming agent with better foam performance, lower cost and excellent comprehensive performance, a new foaming agent HBS-J was prepared from tea saponin, alkenyl succinic anhydride and sodium bisulfite through esterification and sulfonation reaction. Its structure was characterized by infrared spectrum, and its comprehensive performance was evaluated. The results show that the new foaming agent HBS-J has good foaming performance, salt resistance, oil resistance and surface activity. When the mass fraction of HBS-J is 0.3%, the comprehensive index of foam can reach 25193 mL · min, and the foaming ability and stability of foam are relatively strong; When the Na+ concentration in the saline solution is 79310mg/L, the Ca2+ concentration is 5405mg/L, the Mg2+ concentration is 2021mg/L or kerosene volume fraction reaches 25%, HBS-J can still form a relatively stable foam system, and its foaming ability, salt resistance and oil resistance are significantly better than traditional foaming agents. HBS-J also has good reservoir protection performance, and the damage rate to the permeability of coal bed matrix is less than 10%, so it will not cause serious damage to the coalbed methane reservoir during the foam fracturing construction. The research results show that the new foaming agent HBS-J can be used as a foaming agent for foam fracturing of coalbed methane reservoir.