低聚阳离子表面活性剂合成进展
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中石化石油化工科学研究院有限公司

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国家自然科学基金项目:基于环糊精的寡聚阴离子表面活性剂的合成、其聚集及吸附行为及其 对土壤中稠环芳烃污染物的増溶效果研究(22102217);国家科技部重大研发计划:生物制剂复合驱油体系开发及应用示范(2022YFC2105205)


Recent progress in synthesis of oligomeric cationic surfactants
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    摘要:

    近年来,低聚表面活性剂作为一类高效低耗的新型表面活性剂,在三次采油、医药、工业缓蚀等领域展现出了非常好的应用前景。低聚表面活性剂由两个或更多两亲基元通过联接基团以化学键的方式联接而成,其结构介于单链表面活性剂和聚表面活性剂之间。联接基团拉近了分子中多个两亲基元的距离,使其表现出更强的聚集能力。同时,联接基团结构和分子空间拓扑结构更加多样化,使其具备了更加丰富的构象和聚集形貌转变过程。上述特性使其作为高效低耗型油田化学剂和响应性软物质材料方面独具优势,但其合成难度大,限制了该类表面活性剂的系统研究。基于此,详细归纳了线状、星状和环状三类不同空间拓扑结构的低聚阳离子表面活性剂的合成方法,并对该领域的发展方向进行了展望。

    Abstract:

    In recent years, oligomeric surfactants, as a novel class of surfactant with superior efficiency at very low concentration, have shown promising applications in the fields of enhance oil recovery, pharmaceuticals, corrosion inhibitors, and so on. Oligomeric surfactants are composed of two or more amphiphilic moieties, which are chemically linked by a spacer group, and they bridge the gap between monomeric surfactants and polymeric surfactants. With the help of the spacer group, the spatial distance of multiple amphiphilic moieties becomes closer, contributing to the stronger aggregation ability of the oligomeric surfactants. Meanwhile, the structures of the spacer group and the topological configuration are more diversified, resulting in multifarious transition processes of molecular configuration and aggregation morphology. These characteristics make them show unique advantages as highly-efficient oilfield chemicals and stimuli-responsive soft materials, but the difficult synthesis processes have been identified as the bottleneck of their systematic investigations. In this review, the synthesis methods of linear, star-like and ring-type oligomeric cationic surfactants, which are classified by the spatial topological structure, are summarized in detail, and a brief review of future perspectives on the oligomeric surfactants are also discussed.

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  • 收稿日期: 2023-03-14
  • 最后修改日期: 2023-04-03
  • 录用日期: 2023-04-11
  • 在线发布日期: 2023-09-06
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