Oil enters the soil during refining, storage, transportation and use, causing pollution. Oil pollutants are highly harmful and difficult to deal with. Plant Microbial Fuel Cell (PMFC) is proposed to solve this problem. The PMFC was constructed with oil-contaminated soil as anode sludge. By detecting the output voltage, power density, apparent internal resistance and oil removal rate, the battery plants and electrode materials were optimized, and the optimized PMFC was used to explore the oil concentration applicability and optimum scope of application. The results showed that the green dill in plants could not survive in the anaerobic environment of PMFC, while the electricity production and degradation properties of white crane taro-PMFC were better than those of Lentinus edodes-PMFC; Compared with carbon sponge-PMFC, the power generation performance and degradation performance of carbon felt-PMFC in electrode materials are significantly improved; PMFC with white crane taro as battery plant and carbon felt as electrode material is suitable for any oil concentration, and with the increase of oil concentration, the power generation performance and degradation performance of PMFC show a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. So there is an optimal oil concentration range of 5-10g/kg. PMFC technology provides a new idea for oil-contaminated soil treatment, which can effectively deal with soil pollution problems while generating electricity and achieve a win-win situation.