耐温多功能聚合物增效热水驱油提高海上稠油采收率的作用
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中国海洋石油集团有限公司重大科技项目“海上油田化学驱规模化应用关键技术”(项目编号 KJGG2021-0504)


Role of Temperature-resistant Multifunctional Polymer-enhanced Hot Water Flooding in Improving Offshore Heavy Oil Recovery
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    摘要:

    针对海上稠油高温热采技术面临的高成本、高风险以及单一热水驱增油效果有限等技术难题,系统评价一种基于自主研发耐温多功能聚合物TMP的增效热水驱油技术,旨在明确其提高采收率的作用机制与现场应用潜力。采用室内实验与数值模拟相结合的研究方法,系统评价了聚合物TMP对水增黏、对油降黏、降低界面张力及拆解沥青质聚集体的能力;利用CMG数值模拟软件,建立了注采井组模型,反演了驱替过程,并研究了油藏静态与动态因素对增油效果的影响。研究结果表明,在温度为 80 ℃、质量浓度为 1500 mg/L 的条件下聚合物TMP溶液的黏度约80 mPa·s,且具有良好的耐温性;可使油水界面张力降至10-1 mN/m数量级;通过拆解沥青质聚集体,在80 ℃下可使原油降黏率达85%。数值模拟结果表明,聚合物增效热水驱的提高采收率可达6个百分点,显著高于单一热水驱(1个百分点~2个百分点)。聚合物在增油效果中起主导作用,贡献率为80%~90%,热能发挥辅助协同作用,贡献率为10%~20%。该技术的油藏适用条件为:平均渗透率> 2000×10-3 μm2、地层原油黏度为 200~600 mPa·s、水体倍数< 4。耐温多功能聚合物增效热水驱技术通过热能与化学能的协同,实现了“近井热能降黏、远井化学降黏”的优势互补,兼具扩大波及体积与提高洗油效率的双重作用。渤海D油田的方案设计表明,该技术可比水驱提高采收率5.9个百分点,为海上稠油经济高效开发提供了一条具有前景的新路径。

    Abstract:

    In view of the technical problems faced by high-temperature thermal recovery technology for offshore heavy oil,such as high cost,high risk,and the limited oil-increasing effect of single hot-water flooding,a synergistic hot-water flooding technology based on self-developed temperature-resistant multifunctional polymers TMP was systematically evaluated to clarify its mechanism of enhancing oil recovery and its potential for field application. A research approach integrating laboratory experiments and numerical simulations was employed and the performance of polymer TMP in viscosity enhancement of water,viscosity reduction of oil,interfacial tension reduction,and the disassembly of asphaltene aggregates was systematically evaluated. Using the CMG numerical simulation software,an injection-production well pattern model was established,the displacement process was inversed, and the impacts of static and dynamic reservoir factors on the oil-increasing effect were investigated. The experimental results indicated that at 80 ℃ and a concentration of 1500 mg/L,the solution viscosity of the polymer was approximately 80 mPa s,and it exhibited excellent temperature resistance. It could reduce the oil-water interfacial tension to the order of 10-1 mN/m. By disassembling asphaltene aggregates,the viscosity reduction rate of crude oil could reach 85% at 80 ℃. The numerical simulation results showed that the enhanced oil recovery rate of polymer-enhanced hot-water flooding could reach 6.0 percentage point,which was significantly higher than that of single hot-water flooding(1 percentage point—2 percentage point). As for the oil-increasing effect,the polymer played a dominant role with a contribution rate of 80%—90%,while thermal energy played an auxiliary and synergistic role with a contribution rate of 10%—20%. The study determined that the optimal reservoir conditions suitable for this technology were as follows:average permeability>2000×10-3 μm2,in-situ crude oil viscosity of 200—600 mPa s,and water-body multiple<4. The temperature-resistant multifunctional polymer-enhanced hot-water flooding technology, achieved the complementary advantages of "relying mainly on thermal energy to reduce viscosity near the well and chemical energy to reduce viscosity in deep formations" through the synergy of thermal energy and chemical energy,and had the dual effects of expanding the swept volume and improving the oil-washing efficiency. The project design for the Bohai D oilfield demonstrated that this technology could increase the oil recovery rate by 5.9 percentage point compared to water flooding,providing a promising new approach for the economic and efficient development of offshore heavy oil.

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梁 丹,张 健,周文胜,华 朝,张琪琛,刘振坤.耐温多功能聚合物增效热水驱油提高海上稠油采收率的作用[J].油田化学,2026,43(1):78-89.
LIANG Dan, ZHANG Jian, ZHOU Wensheng, HUA Zhao, ZHANG Qichen, LIU Zhenkun. Role of Temperature-resistant Multifunctional Polymer-enhanced Hot Water Flooding in Improving Offshore Heavy Oil Recovery[J]. OILFIELD CHEMISTRY,2026,43(1):78-89.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-05-06
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