Based on the geo-engineering integration approach，aiming at the challenges in the Dongpu Depression，such as complex geological structure，numerous faults，deep burial，thin sand body，and instability-prone sand-mudstone interbeds，a temperature-resistant 180 ℃biomass synthetic-based drilling fluid suitable for Dongpu Depression using the biomass synthetic-based fluid LAE-12 as the continuous phase，and the ultrafine calcium carbonate with multi-stage particle size was used to compound with the nano-film-forming plugging material，and natural asphalt，rigid resin and elastic graphite were introduced. By investigating the plugging，temperature resistance and lubricity of the drilling fluid system，the adaptability evaluation of biomass synthetic base drilling fluid and formation was carried out. The results showed that the drilling fluid system had a temperature resistance of 180 ℃，a high temperature and high pressure filter loss of ≤ 5 mL，and a emulsion-breaking voltage of ≥ 700 V. The shale core of the Shahejie Formation had a rolling recovery rate of 98.32% in the biomass-based fluid for 16 h and a linear expansion rate of 0.817 % for 72 h. The drilling fluid system had been successfully applied in 9 wells on site，showing strong long-term stability against high temperature，low viscosity and high shear flow pattern，good rock carrying and sand carrying capacity，rock carrying index ＞ 1.5，and the highest application temperature of 156 ℃，which effectively solves the problems of wellbore instability， difficult rock carrying and sand carrying in long horizontal section，and directional back pressure of thin layer in Shahejie formation，and had good application and promotion prospects.