油水分离用超疏水材料的研究进展
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西南石油大学全国重点实验室开放基金“高含氮碳纤维膜构建及在油水快速相分离中的应用基础研究”(项目编号PLN2020-19)


Research Progress of Superhydrophobic Materials for Oil-water Separation
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    摘要:

    石油的开采、运输以及造纸等过程会产生大量含油废水,给人类的生存环境带来巨大威胁。传统的油水分离方法通常效率低、成本高且操作繁琐。因此,开发新型、绿色、经济、高效的油水分离材料至关重要。超疏水材料具有极端的憎水性,在油水分离领域倍受关注。通过梳理近年来用于油水分离的超疏水材料,首先对超疏水材料的润湿性和构造方法进行了简要的介绍,然后重点综述了二维和三维超疏水油水分离材料的研究进展。其中,二维超疏水油水分离材料包括纤维膜、金属网、陶瓷和玻璃;三维超疏水油水分离材料包括岩棉、木材、气凝胶、泡沫和海绵。最后指出了目前超疏水油水分离材料的局限性,并从可持续性和环境友好性两方面对超疏水油水分离材料进行了展望,如提高超疏水表面的机械强度,研究多组分混合物的分离效果和适用性,结合多种分离技术,开发良好循环使用性能和多功能性等,为超疏水材料在油水分离领域的研究提供参考和启发。

    Abstract:

    The process of oil extraction,transportation,and paper making generates a large amount of oily wastewater,which brings a great threat to the living environment of human beings. Traditional oil-water separation methods are usually inefficient, costly and cumbersome. Therefore,it is crucial to develop new,green,economical and efficient materials for oil-water separation. Superhydrophobic materials have attracted much attention in the field of oil-water separation due to their extreme hydrophobicity. By combing the superhydrophobic materials used for oil-water separation in recent years,firstly,the wettability and construction methods of superhydrophobic materials were briefly introduced, and then the research progress of two-dimensional and three-dimensional superhydrophobic materials for oil-water separation was reviewed. Among them, two-dimensional superhydrophobic oil-water separation materials included fiber membranes, metal mesh, ceramics and glass, while three-dimensional superhydrophobic oil-water separation materials included rock wool,wood,aerogel,foam and sponge. Finally, some limitations of the current superhydrophobic oil-water separation materials were pointed out. Then the outlook of superhydrophobic oil-water separation materials in terms of sustainability and environmental friendliness was given,such as improving the mechanical strength of superhydrophobic surfaces, investigating the separation effect and applicability of multicomponent mixtures, combining multiple separation technologies, developing good recycling performance and multifunctionality,etc.,which provided some references and inspirations for the research of superhydrophobic materials in the field of oil-water separation.

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郑林涛,王瑞芳,周 明,张天赐.油水分离用超疏水材料的研究进展[J].油田化学,2024,41(4):749-757.
ZHENG Lintao, WANG Ruifang, ZHOU Ming, ZHANG Tianci. Research Progress of Superhydrophobic Materials for Oil-water Separation[J]. OILFIELD CHEMISTRY,2024,41(4):749-757.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-01-12
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