多孔介质中油包水乳状液流动规律及液阻效应
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国家自然科学基金“孔隙介质中稠油多重乳化作用和纳米超分子化学降粘降阻方法研究”(项目编号ZX20230212),中国石 油科技专项“稠油大幅度提高采收率关键技术研究”(项目编号 2023ZZ23)、“稠油绿色低碳开发技术攻关与试验”(项目编号2023ZZ23YJ06)


Flow Law and Liquid Resistance Effect of Water-in-oil Emulsion in Porous Media
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    摘要:

    含有胶质和沥青质等天然活性物质的原油在喉道剪切作用下易和水相形成油包水乳状液,产生液阻效应,堵塞地层导致油井产量急剧降低。利用室内岩心驱替实验和微观孔隙流动模拟技术,研究了原油黏度、含水率、乳状液粒径与喉道直径比等因素影响下,油包水乳状液在复杂多孔介质内的流动规律和液阻效应。结果表明, 随含水率增加,油包水乳状液的液阻效应增强,导致启动压力梯度增加。当原油黏度为 550 mPa·s、乳状液含水率为20%~50%、岩心渗透率为300×10-3 μm2时,油包水乳状液的启动压力梯度为12~37 MPa/m。原油黏度对高黏油(550 mPa·s)乳状液启动压力梯度的影响更大,乳状液粒径与喉道尺寸的匹配程度对低黏油(<30 mPa·s)乳状液启动压力梯度的影响更显著。由于液阻效应,水滴在喉道入口处聚集并发生聚并,使油包水乳状液中水滴粒径变大。油包水乳状液粒径与喉道直径比值越大,分散相(水滴)通过喉道时的渗流阻力越大。油包水乳状液的毛细管数越小,液阻效应导致渗流阻力的增加倍数越大。计算表明,当毛细管数为9.9×10-4(低黏油)、乳滴粒径与喉道直径比为2.5或 10.0时,液阻效应导致油包水乳状液通过喉道时的渗流阻力增加到孔隙中流动渗流阻力的7倍或35倍。研究结果明确了油包水乳状液在多孔介质中流动的液阻效应及其影响因素,为地层原油渗流和提高原油采收率研究提供理论指导。

    Abstract:

    Crude oil containing natural active substances,such as resinous and asphaltenes,readily formed a water-in-oil emulsion under throat shear,leading to liquid resistance,formation plugging,and significant reductions in oil well production. This study employed core replacement experiments and microscopic pore flow simulations to examine the flow behavior and liquid resistance of water-in-oil emulsions in complex porous media,focusing on crude oil viscosity,water content,and the size ratio between emulsion droplet and throat. The results showed that increasing water content heightened the liquid resistance effect of water-in-oil emulsions,thereby elevating the threshold pressure gradient. Under the condition of 550 mPa·s crude oil viscosity,20%—50%water content,and 300×10-3 μm2core permeability,the threshold pressure gradient of water-in-oil emulsion was 12—37 MPa/m. For high-viscosity(550 mPa·s)crude oil,viscosity significantly influenced the emulsion threshold pressure gradient,while for low-viscosity(<30 mPa·s)crude oil,the droplet-to-throat size ratio had a more pronounced effect. Due to the liquid resistance effect,water droplets accumulated at the throat inlet,leading to agglomeration and the formation of larger droplets within the water-in-oil emulsion. A larger emulsion droplet-to-throat diameter ratio increased the seepage resistance of dispersed phase(water droplets). A decrease in the capillary number of water-in-oil emulsion increased seepage resistance due to the liquid resistance effect. Calculations showed that when the capillary number was 9.9×10-4(low-viscosity crude oil)and the ratio of droplet size to throat diameter was 2.5 or 10.0,the liquid resistance effect increased the seepage resistance of water-in-oil emulsion through the throat to 7 or 35 times that of pore flow resistance. The results clarified the liquid resistance effect of water-in-oil emulsion flow in porous media and its influencing factors,providing theoretical guidance for the study of formation crude oil seepage and enhanced oil recovery.

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贾磊磊,钟立国,王国栋,户昶昊,宫宇宁,尚 策,栾政萱,刘 昊.多孔介质中油包水乳状液流动规律及液阻效应[J].油田化学,2024,41(4):664-670.
JIA Leilei, ZHONG Liguo, WANG Guodong, HU Changhao, GONG Yuning, SHANG Ce, LUAN Zhengxuan, LIU Hao. Flow Law and Liquid Resistance Effect of Water-in-oil Emulsion in Porous Media[J]. OILFIELD CHEMISTRY,2024,41(4):664-670.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-01-12
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