Asphaltene，as the most complex solid component in crude oil，is highly susceptible to various factors due to its diverse molecular structure and weight，leading to instability and deposition. In order to establish operational guidelines for avoiding asphaltene deposition in oil reservoir exploitation，a review and summary of research on asphaltene deposition experiments and simulations both domestically and internationally were conducted. Starting from the deposition stage of asphaltene，the deposition process could be divided into three stages：precipitation，flocculation and deposition. Then a brief overview of stability evaluation methods was provided. The factors affecting the deposition of asphaltene were discussed in detail from the aspects of fluid properties （including types of precipitants，crude oil components and viscosity），reservoir properties，and production processes（including temperature，pressure，flow rate and development method）. The results showed that the critical conditions for asphaltene deposition could be accurately obtained using optical microscopy and light scattering method. And then combined with thermodynamic models of asphaltene deposition（including solubility and colloid models），effective predictions could be made for asphaltene deposition during the development process. Among them，the PC-SAFT equation of state for statistical association fluid theory considered the polarity and correlation of asphaltene particles，which could relatively accurately simulate the phase behavior of asphaltene. In response to the problems in indoor experiments and numerical simulations of asphaltene deposition，the possible directions for future research on asphaltene deposition were mainly to accurately determine the molecular weight and structure of asphaltene， establish a universal asphaltene phase equilibrium equation，and clarify the mechanism and model of asphaltene deposition in reservoir rocks. This research achievement provided reference and guidance for in-depth analysis of the deposition mechanism of asphaltene，improvement of asphaltene deposition theory，and overcoming difficult and complex problems.