Nanospheres have been widely used in low permeability reservoir development. In order to study the adsorption mechanism of nano-spheres on rock and mineral surfaces，it is necessary to quantitatively characterize the influence of mineral types on the adsorption capacity of nano-spheres on rock and mineral surfaces. Firstly，starch-cadmium iodide method was used to calibrate the concentration of emulsion，and then the adsorption capacity of microspheres on the surface of single component mineral and multi-component mineral was determined. Then，based on the measured microsphere adsorption capacity on the surface of single component mineral，the predicted value of microsphere adsorption capacity on the surface of multi-component mineral was obtained by weighted superposition according to the relative content of rock minerals. The results showed that the static adsorption capacity of nanospheres on different mineral surfaces varied greatly. The adsorption capacity of clay mineral to microspheres was generally stronger than that of non-clay mineral. Kaolinite had the strongest adsorption capacity for microspheres， which was 14.75 times stronger than quartz. The adsorption capacity of microspheres on the surface of potash feldspar was 1.96 times and 8.42 times stronger than that on the surface of albite and quartz，respectively. For the adsorption capacity of microspheres on the surface of multi-component mineral，the relative error between predicted value and measured value by weighted superposition method was within 3% . Based on the adsorption phenomenon at solid-liquid interface during the migration of nano-spheres in pore channels，the analysis showed that the clay mineral on the pore wall could strengthen the adsorption of nano-spheres，which was beneficial to change the pore radius and realized partial liquid flow direction under the condition of incomplete plugging.