The polyetheramine inhibitors of the existing water-based drilling fluid systems are difficult to effectively inhibit the hydration of shale in shale gas formation in the eastern Sichuan area，thus unfavorable well conditions were created. In order to improve the inhibitory effect of polyetheramine inhibitor，the hyperbranched polyetheramine agent（HBEA）with higher ratio of amine groups as a shale inhibitor was synthesized by the reaction of aziridine and TAEEA made from triethanolamine（TEA）and 2-chloroethylamine hydrochloride（CEAH）. Meanwhile，the metal organic framework（MOF）material was employed as catalyst for ring-opening reaction. The adsorption morphology of HBEA on clay surface was simulated by molecular dynamics，the inhibition of HBEA and the compatibility with drilling fluid system were evaluated. The results showed that attributing to its high ratio of amine groups，HBEA exhibited larger amine density than the straight chain polyetheramine D230 and D400. The adsorption model of HBEA on clay surface was consistent with that of D230 and D400，but the density and adsorption energy of a single molecule were significantly higher than that of the latter two，indicating the excellent adsorption capacity of HBEA. The yield point of slurry system containing 1% HBEA was only 7.0 Pa when the dosage of bentonite reached 25%. The swelling height of bentonite in 2% HBEA solution reduced about 60% compared with fresh water system and the rolling recovery rate of shale was 78.87%. Compared with the original polyetheramine inhibitor in three drilling fluids，HBEA with same dosage ensured the system stability of rheological property and filtration before and after aging. Meanwhile，HTHP filtration decreased gently and the rolling recovery rate of shale increased slightly. HBEA had excellent inhibition and compatibility with different drilling fluids.