In order to inhibit the production of sulfides in oilfield wastewater，the wastewater from hilly station was taken as the research object，the optimal sulfides bioinhibitor was optimized by monitoring the H₂S content，SO₄^2-consumption and SRB quantity in bioinhibition process culture in laboratory. The system was used in the oilfield test of hydrogen sulfide inhibition in the hilly station of Tuha oilfield，and the microbial community changes before and after adding the bioinhibitor were monitored. The results showed that the optimal hydrogen sulfide biological inhibition system was 200 mg/L sodium nitrate and 60 mg/L JHB，and the sulfide content was less than 1 mg/L and the SRB count was less than 10² cfu/mL in the field test. The main microorganism in the oil field before the field test was desulfomicrobium thermophilum，while pseudomonas balearica and pseudomonas stutzeri dominated in the oilfield wastewater in the oilfield test，indicating that the mechanism of biological inhibition of sulfide is to inhibit the activity of SRB by competing for the electron receptor by biological competition and decreasing SRB in oilfield wastewater.