Deep profile control technology is an important means to overcome the current situation of reservoir and achieve deep， precise and collaborative development. On the basis of fully analyzing the existing problems of oil reservoirs，this paper summarizes the principles and methods of the deep profile control technology of gel，jelly，granular，foam，microorganism and other low cost wastes，points out the advantages and problems of each system，summarizes the application of various system，in the field at home and abroad，and puts forward the next development trend for China's oil fields.