In order to investigate the change regularity of components concentration and retention amount during long distance migration in compound flooding，and research the effect of alkali on components loss in flooding process，laboratory physical experiments were operated to simulate the surfactant/polymer（SP）flooding and alkali/surfactant/polymer（ASP）flooding using sand packed model with 30 meters long. During the injection of SP system and ASP system，samples were taken along the model through the sampling points，then the components concentration of the samples were analyzed. On this basis，the change regularity of chemical loss，retention and the effect of alkali on lowering the loss of surfactant and polymer were studied. The results indicated that the retention of alkali（NaOH），heavy alkylbenzene sulfonate surfactant（HABS）and partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide （HPAM）was quite high in near inlet area（from inlet to 23.3% of whole length）during long distance migration of compound system. The chemicals’concentration reduced with the increase of migration distance，and the reduction relieved with the increase of injection volume. In comparison to SP system，alkali of ASP system could reduce the retention of HPAM by 9.69% and HABS by 9.32% from inlet to 23.3% of whole length，and escorted them into the in-depth area. Alkali had limited effectiveness on lowering components loss of polymer and surfactant under the condition of long distance migration.