In order to improve the suspension performance of proppant in water，improve the distribution of proppant in cracks，simplify the fracturing construction process and improve the production of fracturing measures，the double bond was introduced to the surface of conventional proppant by using silane coupling agent，then expansion resin was grafted onto the surface of proppant by aqueous graft polymerization to obtain self-suspending proppant. The effects of species and dosage of silane coupling agent，monomer ratio and concentration on the swelling performance of self-suspending proppant were studied. The results showed that under the reaction condition of 600∶71∶40∶1∶8 mass ratio of proppant，acrylamide（AM），acrylic acid（AA），N，N'-methylene bisacrylamide（MBA）and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid（AMPS），1% silane coupling agent，1‰ initiator，20% monomer（AA，AM，AMPS，MBA），30℃ reaction temperature，the expansion ratio of synthesized suspension proppant in water was 1.5—5. The cation concentration had effect on the expansion property of self-suspending proppant. Four cations were arranged according to their influence on expansion property in following order: Mg²⁺>Ca²⁺>K⁺>Na⁺. The fracturing simulation results showed that the migration effect of self-suspending proppant was better than that of conventional proppant，and the support fracture half length was 119.2 m which was higher than that of conventional proppant by 24%.