The adsorption capacity of anionic and cationic polymer was a mainly indicator for investigation of water shut-off capacity, so the static and dynamic adsorption capacity were investigated. The experiment results showed that the adsorption equilibrium mass concentration of anionic and cationic polymer was 1000 and 1500 mg/L, and the adsorption equilibrium time of that was about 6 and 8 hrs. Temperature had a slight influence on the adsorption of anionic and cationic polymer. However, the adsorption increased with increasing hydrophilicity of core, and the adsorption capacity on hydrophilic core was much larger than that on lipophilic core. The dynamic adsorption quantity of anionic polymer with single injection, anionic polymer and cationic polymer with alternative injection, cationic polymer with single injection, and cationic polymer and anionic polymer with alternative injection was 61.77, 103.99, 119.64 and 137.61 mg/g, respectively. The alternative injection polymer could form a multilayer on the core which could effectively plug the big channels. The visual simulation result showed that the oil recovery of water flooding reached 60% after alternative injection of cationic and anionic polymers. Field application in Shuangqian 6 well of Henan oilfield showed that the profile was effectively improved, the water cut obviously decreased and the oil increased after alternative injection of three round polymers in 2010.