A 75 ℃ high temperature resistant bacteria (HB) was isolated and cultured from the active sludge sewage treatment plant under the Xia'ermen oilfield high viscosity heavy oil for domesticating of half a year. The HB was identified as a heat of the genus bacillus (Thermophilic Bacillus ) by 16 S rDNA. The culture condition of HB and the performance of the oil recovery of the HB were investigated. The results showed that the HB got good adaptability under the culture condition of salt content of 0—3%, pH value of 6.0—9.0，and the optimum salt concentration and the optimum pH value was found to be 1% and 7.0, respectively. When the cells were grown at the dosage of 5% on optimal conditions oil degradation medium containing 5 g/L (1#) Crude oil at 75℃ and 120 r/min for 10 days, the HB could make oil degradation rate reach to 33%, the emulsified index was up to 55% and the surface tension of the fermented liquid reduced from 74.5 mN/m to 41.2 mN/m. After treated by HB for 7 days, the content of pectin and asphalt of 2# and 3# crude oil reduced from 28.0% and 22.6% to 26.4% and 19.9%, respectively, the freezing point of 2# and 3# crude oil reduced from 29.4℃ and 28.1℃ to 28.5℃and 27.3℃, respectively. The viscosity of 1# ,2# and 3# crude oil reduced from 735, 682 and 274 mPa·s to 509, 467and 103 mPa·s, respectively after treated by HB for 20 d. In a word, microbial activity made the Components of crude oil change and the oil property improve.