With the continuous increase of water cut in main oil field, the development of low permeability reservoir has become an important research topic. Because of the characteristics of matching with the pore throat size of low permeability reservoir, micro-nanoparticles have gradually become the focus of improving crude oil recovery around the world. This paper introduced a microgel particle-nanosheet flooding system. Firstly, the micro properties and static performance of microgel particle-nanosheet were evaluated by laboratory experiments. Afterwards, the micro-displacement effect and mechanism of microgel particle-nanosheet flooding system were studied by two-dimensional visual micro-model. Finally, the one-dimensional core displacement experiment is used to further verify the oil displacement efficiency on different oil viscosities and permeabilities. The experimental results show that the synergistic effect of microgel particle and 2-D intelligent nano-black card can improve oil recovery obviously. The microgel particles can increase the viscosity of displacement phase and form sealing slug, which increase the sweep volume in the high permeability layer, The microgel particles have an average particle size range of 57.6μm, are uniformly dispersed, and have good stability. 2-D intelligent nano-black card is able to alternate wettability and peel oil film to improve oil displacement efficiency. The result of one-dimensional core flooding experiment is consistent with the result of two-dimensional visualization experiment, which verifies the reliability of the conclusion of two-dimensional visualization experiment. The results provide important theoretical support for the application of microgel particle -nanosheet flooding system.