The fracture-vuggy reservoirs in Tahe oilfield are characterized by high temperature，high salt and complicated water production rules，so it is difficult to achieve higher recovery. Aiming at these problems，using sand filling pipe model and two-dimensional visual fractured-vuggy model，the selective blocking and flow channel adjustment mechanisms of hyperbranched slow-expanding particles were studied under Tahe fractured-vuggy reservoir conditions. The experimental results showed that the slow-expanding particles had excellent temperature and salt resistance，oil-water selectivity and fluid steering performance. The maximum expansion ratio of slow-expanding particle was 14 times in simulated water，the water blocking rate was 66.7% and the oil blocking rate was 7.0%. The high permeability pipe could be effectively blocked，and the split ratio of high permeability pipe to low permeability pipe reduced from 98∶2 to 23∶77 after profile control. The result of microscopic visualization model experiment showed that the expanded elastic particles could form a seal in the large-size fractures by extrusion deformation and accumulation compaction. It could narrow the flow channel to promote deep fluid steering，and expand the sweeping efficiency of subsequent water flooding through stepwise blocking and migration，which would benefit to improve the recovery of fracture-vuggy reservoir