高含渣污油的超声强化破乳机制
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Ultrasound Strengthening Demulsification Mechanism of High-solid Dirty Oil
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    摘要:

    为改善高含渣污油的破乳处理效果,采用化学药剂联合超声工艺处理污油。以破乳后油层含水率为主要评价指标,在固定药剂用量(水溶性破乳剂SP3 加量0.15 g/L,油溶性破乳剂AR304 加量0.15 g/L)条件下,系统考察了超声处理对高含渣污油破乳的影响规律及机制。研究结果表明,破乳剂处理后的污油在超声处理前基本处于乳化状态;经超声处理后,油层中水含量由超声处理前的54.8%最低降至10.2%,水质澄清,渣沉底,破乳效果明显,实现了油水渣的三相分离。超声联合药剂处理使得污油中固体颗粒的粒径减小,有利于固体颗粒从油相脱附;使水在固体颗粒表面的接触角减小至90°以下,增强了固体颗粒的润湿性,还使污油中的胶质沥青质含量减少,促进了药剂的传质及超声能量的传递,最终使得污油稳定性降低,从而实现高含渣污油的破乳脱水及脱渣。最佳的超声处理工艺参数为:超声功率500W,超声频率22 kHz,超声时间10 min。图4 表2 参18

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the demulsification effect of the high-solid dirty oil with strong stability,the process of ultrasound combined with demulsifier agents(UCD)was employed,and using water content of demulsified oil as the evaluation index,at the condition of 0.15 g/L water-soluble demulsifier SP3 and 0.15 g/L oil-soluble demulsifier AR304,the effect of ultrasound on dirty oil demulsification was investigated systematically. Without ultrasonic assistance,the demulsifier agents alone had no obvious demulsification effect,and the dirty oil was basically in a state of emulsion. By contrast,as the dirty oil was processed by UCD,the water content in oil layer could be decreased from 54.8%(without ultrasonic)to 10.2%,realizing three-phase separation of water,oil and solid. Meanwhile,UCD could decrease solid particle size,ensuring the solid particle separated from oil phase easily;and the contact angle of water on the surface of solid particle was lower than 90°,indicating that UCD could enhance the surface wettability of solid particle. Furthermore,UCD still could decrease the content of resin and asphaltene in dirty oil, promoting the transfer of chemical agents and ultrasonic energy,and reducing the stability of dirty oil,thus achieving demulsification,dehydration and solid removal effectively. The optimal ultrasonic condition was achieved as follows,the ultrasonic power was 500W,the frequency was 22 kHz and the treating time was 10 min.

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谢志勤,尹必跃,张淮浩.高含渣污油的超声强化破乳机制[J].油田化学,2017,34(2):345-349.
XIE Zhiqin, YIN Biyue, ZHANG Huaihao. Ultrasound Strengthening Demulsification Mechanism of High-solid Dirty Oil[J]. OILFIELD CHEMISTRY,2017,34(2):345-349.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2017-08-01
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